MICROBIOLOGY LABORATORY

Basic Laboratory Facilities

1. Spacious, well-ventilated lab room with adequate lighting and air circulation.
2. Workbenches with smooth, disinfectable surfaces.
3. Wash basins with running water and drainage.
4. Storage cabinets for chemicals, reagents, and cultures.
5. Refrigerator for culture/media storage.
6. Gas supply/Bunsen burners for aseptic techniques.

Essential Instruments and Equipment

• Compound light microscopes (student and demonstration types).
• Autoclave (for sterilization of media and instruments).
• Hot air oven (for dry sterilization).
• Incubators (for bacterial culture incubation).
• Laminar airflow hood (for aseptic culture transfer).
• Colony counter and hemocytometer.
• pH meter and spectrophotometer (for advanced analysis).
• Centrifuge machine (tabletop or high-speed).
• Water bath and magnetic stirrer.

Glassware and Consumables

• Petri dishes, test tubes, conical flasks, pipettes, beakers, measuring cylinders.
• Inoculation loops, needles, cotton swabs.
• Filter paper, blotting paper, alcohol, and disinfectants.

Culture Media and Reagents

• Pre-prepared or powder-based culture media (Nutrient Agar, MacConkey Agar, etc.).
• Common stains: crystal violet, safranin, methylene blue, Gram’s iodine.
• Biochemical test kits for microbial identification.

Safety and Hygiene Facilities

• Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): lab coats, gloves, masks, goggles.
• Fire extinguisher and first aid kit.
• Biohazard disposal bins and autoclave bags.
• Proper ventilation/exhaust system.

Documentation and Teaching Aids

• Lab manuals, SOPs (Standard Operating Procedures).
• Whiteboard/projector for instruction.
• Specimen charts, microbial slides, and models.
• Lab record books and inventory registers.

BIOCHEMISTRY LABORATORY

Basic Laboratory Infrastructure

• Spacious lab with proper ventilation
• Granite or chemical-resistant workbenches with sinks.
• Washbasins with running water and drainage at multiple points.
• Separate areas for wet and dry work.
• Gas supply/Bunsen burners.
• Electrical outlets with safety covers for equipment use.

Essential Equipment and Instruments

• Colorimeter and Spectrophotometer (for absorbance and enzyme assays).
• Centrifuge (table-top or refrigerated).
• pH meter (digital/manual).
• Water bath (with temperature control).
• Hot air oven (for drying glassware).
• Incubator (for enzyme and bacterial work).
• Refrigerator and deep freezer (for reagent and sample storage).
• Analytical balance (for precise measurement of chemicals).
• Magnetic stirrer with hot plate.
• Micropipettes and micropipette stands.

Glassware and Plasticware

• Test tubes, beakers, conical and volumetric flasks.
• Pipettes (graduated and volumetric), burettes, funnels.
• Cuvettes (glass and plastic).
• Microcentrifuge tubes, reagent bottles, Petri dishes.